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Subsidiary Ledger

A detailed ledger that supports a control account in the general ledger, such as Accounts Receivable or Accounts Payable. It contains individual customer or vendor balances. Helps businesses track details without cluttering the general ledger.

General Journal

The book of original entry where all transactions are first recorded before being posted to the ledger. Each entry shows accounts affected, debit and credit amounts, and a description. It ensures chronological documentation of activities.

Overhead

Indirect costs that cannot be directly traced to products or services, such as utilities or administrative salaries. Overhead is allocated to ensure accurate costing. Helps in determining product profitability.